Vineyards 
Potatoes
The potato comes from South America, probably somewhere from today’s Peru, Bolivia and Chilly. The potatoes take an important part of the Andes and farmers cultivate many sorts with different shape and color. The potato is spread over the rest of the world in the late 15th and the early 16th century. There are over 200 wild sorts of potatoes in South America.The optimal temperature for the potato growth is 18-20˚C and the air humidity has to be 70-80%. The potato plants die in temperatures from -1.5°С to -3°С.
The total water amount for a decare which is used from potatoes for transpiration and evaporates from the soil is 600-650m3 yearly for a normal density of plants. The amount of the rainfalls in our country is 450-550m3 which is not enough. That’s why is necessary to irrigated the potatoes. The best irrigation is the drip irrigation.
Useful advices
- Potato Irrigation
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The potatoes need irrigation and the best way is by drip irrigation.
First irrigation is before the germination by spray irirgation.
Second irrigation is in the beginning of the blossoming season.
Third irrigation is when the flowering is massive.
You have to irrigate regularly when the air temperature rises and holds like this and the soil is dry. You have to finish with the irrigation 20 days before colecting the crop.
- Potato Vernalization
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The vernalization is a process of acceleration of plant development by exposing seeds or bulbs to cold temperatures.
The potato vernalization starts 35-40 days before planting. You have to darken the room and rise the temperature to 8-12°С. The air humidity has to be 85-90%. On the 10-12 day the germs reach 1.5-2sm length. When 70-80% of the germs reach 2sm, you have to lighten the room and keep the same temperature and air humidity. You have to repeat the process after 25-30 days for 15-20 days with temperature 2-5°С.
The planting of the early potatoes is with temperature 6-7°С in the soil deep 10sm. For South Bulgaria the optimal dates are 20 February-10 March and 20 March-5 April for North Bulgaria.
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